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Legal NGO FLAC launches Annual Report; Reports a 10-year high in legal queries answered by its phoneline and calls for urgent action in response to the deepening “legal aid crisis”

13 July 2026

FLAC Annual Report 2025 - Making the Case for Change

Minister for Justice Jim O’Callaghan TD launched FLAC’s 2025 Annual Report, titled “Making the Case for Change on Monday, 13 July 2026.

 FLAC (Free Legal Advice Centres) promotes access to justice through its Telephone Information and Referral Line, Free Legal Advice Clinics, public interest casework, targeted legal services (for the Roma and Traveller communities), and policy and law reform work.

 Headline figures from 2025:

  • 14,103 queries were answered by FLAC’s Telephone Information and Referral Line, the highest since 2015. The Telephone Information and Referral Line received 66,371 calls during 2025. This includes a number of repeat calls from people desperate to access legal information.
  • A record high of 3,317 Employment Law Queries were answered. FLAC often hears from people who are representing themselves in cases before the Workplace Relations Commission against employers who have instructed a solicitor and a junior and senior counsel.
  • 635 Domestic Violence Queries were answered– the highest ever and an 18% increase since 2024.
  • 1,189 Housing Queries were answered – a 57.5% increase since 2024.
  • Family law remained the area in which FLAC receives the most queries (3,524 queries). Callers to the phoneline frequently reported being unable to access a family law solicitor from the Legal Aid Board’s Private Practitioner Panel even though they have been approved for and are entitled to legal aid. This is due to the emergence of ‘legal aid deserts’ in parts of the country.
  • 3,640 people received basic legal advice from volunteer lawyers - mainly in the areas of family law and employment law.
  • 44,906 hours of pro bono work were undertaken by signatories to the Pro Bono Pledge, and 29 social justice organisations accessed pro bono legal assistance facilitated by FLAC’s public interest law project - PILA.
  • 234 people were provided with legal representation by FLAC’s Independent Law Centre.
  • 127 clients had a case about housing or homelessness. A number of families were able to access social housing/emergency accommodation on foot of FLAC’s intervention, including a Traveller family who had been living on the roadside for five years.
  • 91 clients had an equality/discrimination case. During 2025, FLAC’s clients in discrimination cases received a total of €91,850 in financial compensation. For example, the WRC ordered a beauty salon pay €500 each to a Traveller mother and her two daughters after they were subject to discriminatory treatment.

In July 2025, the reports to emerge from the first ever comprehensive review of Ireland’s civil legal aid system were published. Eilis Barry (FLAC Chief Executive) submitted a Minority Report. FLAC is campaigning for the implementation of its clear, practical and cost-effective recommendations to resolve the legal aid crisis.

Eilis Barry, FLAC’s Chief Executive, comments:

FLAC’s 2025 Annual Report highlights the extent of unmet legal need that our hugely oversubscribed Telephone Information & Referral Line, Traveller Legal Service and Roma Legal Clinic encounter on a daily basis. FLAC has nowhere to refer people with problems in areas like landlord/tenant, employment and discrimination law because the Legal Aid Board cannot provide legal representation in cases before tribunals like the WRC or RTB. It also has no function to provide legal information.

It was this unmet need and the inadequacies of the Civil Legal Aid scheme that were the catalyst for FLAC’s campaign for a comprehensive review of our civil legal aid system. It is now almost one year since the reports to emerge from that review were published. Since then, the Legal Aid Board itself has acknowledged that Ireland’s system of civil legal aid is not just in crisis but may collapse and, only recently, the Oireachtas Justice Committee has called for urgent action from the Minister to address the crisis.

What is needed now is action. Comprehensive, meaningful reform is doable, practical and cost effective. Establishing general and targeted information services, a network of targeted law centres and community law centres in the areas of highest deprivation are comparatively cheap measures and would transform access to justice for the most disadvantaged communities. We fervently hope that the Minister will use this once in a generation opportunity to establish a fit for purpose system of public legal assistance and urgently outline a civil legal aid reform plan.

In addition to our concerns about the delay in implementing urgently-needed civil legal aid reform, we are also concerned about a number of regressive measures.  The Equality Bill which would have greatly improved our equality legislation has effectively stalled with no progress since it was considered by the Oireachtas Equality Committee last year. The Housing Bill which is currently being rushed through the legislative process is likely to lead to a rise in homelessness and destitution amongst minority ethnic and migrant communities.

We have also made strenuous objections and submissions in relation to the proposed reforms of judicial review in the Civil Reform Bill, which could greatly reduce and block access to judicial review. Judicial review is often the only available remedy for the disadvantaged groups and individuals that FLAC represents, who are trying to access basic public services like emergency accommodation, housing and social welfare. It is vital that the recently published recommendations of the Oireachtas Justice Committee in relation to the Civil Reform Bill are implemented and that the Minister and his department engage, as promised, with people and groups who will be adversely affected by it.”

Other policy and law reform highlights from 2025 include:

  • The Bereaved Partner’s Pension Act 2025 was enacted. It gives effect to Supreme Court’s decision in the O’Meara case (in which FLAC represented the O’Meara family) and expands entitlement for bereavement payments to qualified cohabitants and their children. 150,000 cohabiting couples/families could potentially benefit from its provisions. Positively, the legislation goes beyond the minimum requirements of the O’Meara judgment by including cohabitants who do not have children.
  • The General Scheme of the Equality (Miscellaneous Provisions) Bill was published on foot of the review of the equality legislation which FLAC campaigned for. It contains a number of very welcome provisions which would significantly increase compensation levels for victims of discrimination, create stronger requirements to provide reasonable accommodation for people with disabilities and move the jurisdiction for claims against licenced premises from the District Court back to the WRC.
  • The Oireachtas Equality Committee adopted FLAC’s recommendations to improve the Equality Bill, including our recommendations for making the legislation accessible and adding a socio-economic status ground.
  • The UN Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination Against Women (CEDAW) adopted several of FLAC’s recommendations. CEDAW called for the Equality Bill to be expedited and for “access to legal aid and legal representation for women in all areas of law where discrimination occurs”.

 Dr Fiona Donson, FLAC Chairperson, comments:

“Throughout 2025, FLAC was very fortunate to be able to draw on the deep commitment to access to justice within the legal profession, civil society, law schools and student societies across the island of Ireland. FLAC’s work would not be possible without those who volunteer to support the organisation, including the volunteers and law firms working on the phoneline and in clinics, the barristers who assist with casework, and the members of the PILA alliance.

We are also immensely grateful to all of our funders – from Government Departments and statutory bodies to the Law Society, the Bar of Ireland, and philanthropic organisations such as the Community Foundation of Ireland, as well as our wide array of sustaining and supporting partners, individual law firms, practitioners and private individuals - for providing the crucial financial resources that allows FLAC to undertake its work.”

ENDS/

  • A copy of the 2025 FLAC Annual Report may be accessed here.

Notes to Editors:

  • The Civil Legal Aid Review Majority Report may be accessed here. The Civil Legal Aid Review Minority Report may be accessed here. FLAC’s Briefing Note about Minority Report is available here
  • The Report of the Oireachtas Justice Committee about Civil Legal Aid may be accessed here.
  • The Report of the Oireachtas Justice Committee about the Civil Reform Bill may be accessed here.

FLAC (Free Legal Advice Centres) is an independent legal, equality and human rights non-governmental organisation which works in a number of different ways to promote access to justice:

  • FLAC runs a Telephone Information & Referral Line that provides basic legal information.
  • Volunteer barristers and solicitors provide free phone legal advice clinics.
  • FLAC’s Public Interest Law Alliance, PILA, operates a Pro Bono Referral Scheme which facilitates social justice organisations to access legal assistance from private practitioners acting pro bono.
  • Our Independent Law Centre:
  • undertakes public interest litigation in cases that may have a broader impact in addition to benefitting the individual client.
  • operates dedicated and targeted services via the Traveller Legal Service and Roma Legal Clinic.
  • FLAC undertakes policy and research and law reform campaigning in areas of law which are most connected with poverty, discrimination and disadvantage, informed by our experience of providing legal assistance.

 

Detailed Telephone Information & Referral Line Figures

FLAC’s Telephone Information & Referral Line team responded to 14,103 queries in 2025. In addition to this, the team on FLAC’s Telephone Information and Referral Line also made 2,360 call backs to service users to provide them with further information or set up an appointment in a FLAC clinic.

In 2025, 647 calls to FLAC’s Telephone Information & Referral Line were from lay litigants or ‘litigants in person’, which represents 5% of all calls. FLAC regularly receives calls from people who are endeavouring to represent themselves in complex court cases, navigating complex rules and procedures, and desperately in need of legal assistance which FLAC does not have the capacity to provide.

Family law remains the area in which the Telephone Information & Referral Line receives the most queries (3,524 queries – which is 25% of all queries):

  • 40% of family law queries related to divorce or separation (1391), 28% related to custody, access or guardianship (989), 18% related to domestic violence (635), 17% related to maintenance (589), and 11% related to the family home (401).

2025 saw the highest number of employment law queries ever recorded on the Telephone Information & Referral Line, accounting for almost one quarter (23.5% - 3,317 queries) of all calls in 2025 and up 42% compared with the previous year.

  • 32% of all employment law queries (1057 queries) were in relation to contract terms (up 50%), 18% (609) were in relation to a grievance procedure (up 57%), 18% (604) in relation to a dismissal (up 33%), 12% (407) in relation to a redundancy (up 33%), 11% (350) in relation to bullying or harassment in the workplace (up 45%), and 7% (223) in relation to discrimination.

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